Clinical Questions

How Does Alcohol Affect Hypertension?

June 24, 2011
How Does Alcohol Affect Hypertension?

By Benjamin Kenigsberg

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Alcoholic beverages have been part of human culture for thousands of years and cross nearly every political and demographic boundary. Despite this long history, the interaction between alcohol and human health is still poorly understood. This confusion is particularly true with regard to blood pressure, as multiple studies have debated the association between alcohol intake and the development or management of hypertension.  For this discussion, in America a standard drink is defined as 12 ounces of regular beer, 5…

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Fast Hearts and Funny Currents, Part 2: Is Tachycardia Part of the Problem in Heart Failure?

May 25, 2011
Fast Hearts and Funny Currents, Part 2: Is Tachycardia Part of the Problem in Heart Failure?

By Santosh Vardhana

 Faculty Peer Reviewed

Please review Part 1 of this article here.

Mr. M is a 63-year old man with a history of coronary artery disease and systolic congestive heart failure (ejection fraction 32%) on lisinopril, metoprolol, and spironolactone who presents to the Adult Primary Care Center complaining of persistent dyspnea with exertion, two-pillow orthopnea, and severely limited exercise tolerance.  His vital signs on presentation are T 98.0˚F, P 84, BP 122/76.  What are his…

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Fast Hearts and Funny Currents: Is Tachycardia Part of the Problem in Heart Failure? Part 1

May 18, 2011
Fast Hearts and Funny Currents: Is Tachycardia Part of the Problem in Heart Failure? Part 1

By Santosh Vardhana

Faculty Peer Reviewed 

Mr. M is a 63-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease and systolic CHF (ejection fraction 32%) on lisinopril, metoprolol, and spironolactone who presents to Primary Care Clinic complaining of persistent dyspnea with exertion, two-pillow orthopnea, and severely limited exercise tolerance.  His vital signs on presentation are T 98.0º F, BP 122/76, HR 84 bpm.  What are his therapeutic options?

 A Race Against Time: Tachycardia in the Failing Heart

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How Safe Is That Tattoo?

April 27, 2011
How Safe Is That Tattoo?

By Farzon A. Nahvi

Faculty Peer Reviewed

 Once thought to be exclusively the domain of gang members, prisoners, and those in the military, tattoos are now increasingly popular with the general population. The increasing visibility of tattoos on high-profile individuals such as athletes, musicians, and actors, combined with the increasing acceptability of tattoos among professionals, have made tattoos a common part of modern culture. Nevertheless, tattoo artists are subject to little regulation, and tattoo art comes with some real…

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The Porcelain Terror: Can a Toilet Give You Gonorrhea?

April 13, 2011
The Porcelain Terror: Can a Toilet Give You Gonorrhea?

By Bradley Ching, Class of 2011

Faculty Peer Reviewed

 What do every road trip, football game halftime, and trans-continental plane flight have in common? Usually a disgusting toilet paired with the urgent need of people to use them. While no one takes pleasure from these encounters, could they in fact be a risk for acquiring a sexually transmitted disease?

Gonorrhea or “the clap,” as it is lovingly nicknamed, is caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae and…

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Is Dark Chocolate Good For You?

March 30, 2011
Is Dark Chocolate Good For You?

By Lisa Parikh, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

I was recently counseling an overweight patient about nutrition and exercise when he asked, “Doc, is it true what they say about dark chocolate being good for you?” I told him that although I had heard about this, I was actually not too sure about the evidence behind this. As a strong supporter of the “I wish that the best tasting foods were good for you” club, I decided this was…

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From The Archives: The Skinny on Cachexia…Can it be Treated?

March 24, 2011
From The Archives: The Skinny on Cachexia…Can it be Treated?

 

Please enjoy this post from the Clinical Correlations archives first posted April 22, 2009

Michael T. Tees, MD, MPH

On the wards and in the clinic, the physician is frequently presented with a patient with a decreased appetite and alarming weight loss. The patient is likely frustrated with their own fraility, the family is upset at the poor nutritional state of their loved one, but the healthcare provider should be the most concerned. This clinical presentation without a…

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The Myth of the Helminth: Can Worms be the Next Therapeutic Breakthrough for IBD Patients?

March 16, 2011
The Myth of the Helminth: Can Worms be the Next Therapeutic Breakthrough for IBD Patients?

By Michael Guss, Class of  2012

Faculty Peer Reviewed 

Helminths–parasitic worms that have co-evolved with humans and colonized our gastrointestinal (GI) tract for millennia–have developed the ability to modulate our inflammatory responses and evade our immune systems to survive . Until the 1930s, the helminth colonization of humans was almost universal, owing to poor sanitation conditions and an impure food supply . This changed as the economic development of the last century created improved sanitary conditions: clean running water,…

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A Vaccine Against Nicotine—New Hope or Mere Hype?

February 18, 2011
A Vaccine Against Nicotine—New Hope or Mere Hype?

By Carolan Hass, Class of 2012

Faculty Peer Reviewed

 Cigarettes remain an anathema to many physicians.  Like so many unhealthy behaviors over which a clinician has little control, it can be frustrating to deal with a habit that can do so much harm to a patient, but which may be deeply entrenched in his daily life.  Although the percentage of current cigarette-smoking US adults has steadily decreased from 34.1% in 1978 to 19.8% in 2007 there remains vast…

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Is Vasopressin Indicated in the Management of Cardiac Arrest?

February 2, 2011
Is Vasopressin Indicated in the Management of Cardiac Arrest?

By Brandon Oberweis, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

 Case Report:

A 65-year-old male with a past medical history significant for NYHA class IV heart failure was found by his wife to be unresponsive.  Emergency Medical Services was subsequently called and upon arrival, initiated chest compressions and defibrillation for cardiac arrest secondary to ventricular fibrillation.  Intravenous access was obtained and despite two episodes of defibrillation, the patient remained in ventricular fibrillation.  The patient was given one dose of 40…

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Tsunamigenesis and Korotkoff’s Sounds

January 26, 2011
Tsunamigenesis and Korotkoff’s Sounds


By Irene Isabel Payad Lim, MD and Michael Ford, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

The February 27, 2010 earthquake in Chile measured 8.8 on the Richter scale and displaced nearly 2 million people.  It also threatened to generate tsunamis that were predicted to hit the coasts of Japan, the Philippines, and Hawaii some 7000 miles away.  In this instance, the waves set off by the Chilean earthquake dissipated relatively harmlessly.  On the day after Christmas 2004, however, 14 countries bordering…

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Is a Low Vitamin D Level a Risk Factor for Colon Cancer?

December 16, 2010
Is a Low Vitamin D Level a Risk Factor for Colon Cancer?

By Nelson Sanchez, MD and Fritz Francois, MD, MS

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Case: A 45-year-old woman presents to your office for an annual check-up.  She states that her grandmother was recently diagnosed with colon cancer at the age of 90, and she wants to know what she can do to reduce her own risk for the disease.  She recently read an article about the benefits of vitamin D and wants to know if they extend to protecting against colon

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