ID

Does Cranberry Juice Prevent Urinary Tract Infections?

November 9, 2011

By Jessie Yu

Faculty Peer Reviewed

A healthy 21-year-old female college student presents to clinic after one day of dysuria and increased frequency. You diagnose her with a recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), and as you hand her a prescription for empiric antibiotic treatment, she asks you if drinking cranberry juice will prevent these in the future…

Drinking cranberry juice to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) has been a traditional folk remedy for hundreds of years. Stroll into any New York City pharmacy and…

A New Era of Therapy for Hepatitis C

November 4, 2011

By Alexander Jow, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health issue, representing the leading cause of chronic liver disease, death from liver disease, and a principal indication for liver transplantation in the US. It is estimated that 3-4 million people in the world are infected with HCV each year. Globally, 130-170 million people are chronically infected with HCV and more than 350,000 people die from HCV-related liver disease each year. Although the natural history of HCV infection…

Cholera in Haiti

October 7, 2011

By Matt Johnson, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

In the fall of 2010, after Haiti was razed by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake that left over 316,000 people dead, cholera was injected into the tumult to add to the growing list of Haiti’s struggles . Cholera is an ancient scourge whose origins are believed to come from the Ganges River delta of India . It affects up to 5 million people worldwide, with over 100,000 deaths per year . The cholera outbreak in Haiti was unexpected in…

Stemming the Tide: The Promise and Pitfalls of HIV Prevention Research

September 28, 2011

By Benjamin Bearnot

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Since the discovery of zidovudine (AZT) in the mid-1980s, advances in antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have, until recently, outpaced concomitant improvements in methods for HIV prevention. Over the past few years, HIV prevention research has been building an impressive head of steam. While a completely effective vaccine for HIV prevention has continued to prove elusive, results of a modestly successful (~30% protective) vaccine trial based in Thailand were announced in 2009,…

Should you Treat a COPD Exacerbation with Antibiotics?

September 3, 2011

By: Aviva Regev

Mr. S is a 68-year old man with longstanding COPD and a 40-pack-year smoking history. He presents to clinic with three days of increasing shortness of breath, and complains that he has been coughing up “more junk” than usual. As I watch him spit a wad of chartreuse sputum into his tissue, I reach for the prescription pad and tell him he’ll need a week of antibiotics. He wants to know why he can’t just go up on his inhaled medications instead…

The Treatment For Clostridium Difficile? Transplant!

July 29, 2011

By Andrea Mignatti , MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Among all the new medical therapies, this one will probably not be the most elegant or refined that you will read about. But it just may be one of the most unconventional ones you will come across.

From our experiences working on busy hospital wards, we know that Clostridium difficile colitis is an extremely serious infection that is becoming more prevalent due to the development of new hyper-virulent strains (toxinotype III BI/NAP1/027). It has been…

Understanding the Zoster Vaccine

July 13, 2011

By Michael Cohen

Faculty Peer Reviewed

The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is well known to the majority of the population. In children, it strikes as varicella (chickenpox), characterized by pruritic, vesicular lesions in different stages of development dispersed over the body. A self-resolving and generally limited disease, this form of VZV infection is considered to be a nuisance more than a debilitating affliction, but rarely can have severe sequelae. In adults and the elderly VZV more commonly takes the form of zoster (shingles). This disease…

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Guidelines and Bellevue’s High-Risk Population

June 22, 2011

By Ramoncito David

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. The prevalence of this fatal disease greatly varies among different nations, due to the fact that almost 80% of cases are secondary to hepatitis B or C.

The implementation of an effective vaccine against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) has reduced the prevalence of HBV carriers in North America to 0.1-2%; however, hepatitis B remains a global public health problem due its high…

How Safe Is That Tattoo?

April 27, 2011

By Farzon A. Nahvi

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Once thought to be exclusively the domain of gang members, prisoners, and those in the military, tattoos are now increasingly popular with the general population. The increasing visibility of tattoos on high-profile individuals such as athletes, musicians, and actors, combined with the increasing acceptability of tattoos among professionals, have made tattoos a common part of modern culture. Nevertheless, tattoo artists are subject to little regulation, and tattoo art comes with some real…

The Porcelain Terror: Can a Toilet Give You Gonorrhea?

April 13, 2011

By Bradley Ching, Class of 2011

Faculty Peer Reviewed

What do every road trip, football game halftime, and trans-continental plane flight have in common? Usually a disgusting toilet paired with the urgent need of people to use them. While no one takes pleasure from these encounters, could they in fact be a risk for acquiring a sexually transmitted disease?

Gonorrhea or “the clap,” as it is lovingly nicknamed, is caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae and…

Case of the Month: Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Psoas Abscess with Acinetobacter Baumanii: Report of an Unusual Case

April 6, 2011

By Michael C. Brabeck, MD, Adam Davis, MD, and Shaun Rodgers, MD

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Case:

A 56-year-old male was admitted to Bellevue Hospital Center with chronic back pain and a three month history of subjective fevers, decreased appetite, and a thirty pound weight loss. His past medical history was remarkable only for chronic alcohol abuse. He denied other substance abuse. There were no previous health care facility exposures, and the patient had no history of military…

The Resurgence of Pertussis: Is Lack of Adult Vaccination to Blame?

February 23, 2011

By Ijeoma Ejigiri, Class of 2011

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Whooping cough. 100 day cough. Pertussis. These are the various names for the disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. This small gram-negative coccobacillus, transmitted via respiratory droplets, is responsible for causing coughing paroxysms followed by a long inspiratory gasp, during which the characteristic high-pitched “whoop” occurs. These coughing paroxysms can last for ten weeks or longer, hence the moniker “100 day cough.” The paroxysmal phase is usually preceded by…

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Clinical Correlations

ID

Does Cranberry Juice Prevent Urinary Tract Infections?

A New Era of Therapy for Hepatitis C

Cholera in Haiti

Stemming the Tide: The Promise and Pitfalls of HIV Prevention Research

Should you Treat a COPD Exacerbation with Antibiotics?

The Treatment For Clostridium Difficile? Transplant!

Understanding the Zoster Vaccine

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Guidelines and Bellevue’s High-Risk Population

How Safe Is That Tattoo?

The Porcelain Terror: Can a Toilet Give You Gonorrhea?

Case of the Month: Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Psoas Abscess with Acinetobacter Baumanii: Report of an Unusual Case

The Resurgence of Pertussis: Is Lack of Adult Vaccination to Blame?

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