Pulmonary/Critical Care

What are the Barriers to Using Low Dose CT to Screen for Lung Cancer?

February 23, 2012

By Benjamin Lok

Faculty Peer Reviewed

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths globally and responsible for an estimated 221,120 new cases and 156,940 deaths in 2011 in the United States. Presently, the United States Preventive Services Task Force, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the American College of Chest Physicians, and most other evidence-based organizations do not recommend screening for lung cancer with chest x-ray or low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) due to inadequate evidence to support mortality reduction. This…

ANCA and Small-Vessel Vasculitis

July 7, 2011

By Eugene Friedman, Class of 2012

Faculty Peer Reviewed

The discovery of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) was a serendipitous finding. In 1982, Davies and colleagues published a report detailing their discovery of antibodies that specifically localized to the cytoplasm of neutrophils in patients with necrotizing glomerulonephritis and small-vessel vasculitis–antibodies that disappeared after immunosuppressive therapy and reappeared with disease recurrence. Two years later, Hall and colleagues confirmed this observation , paving the way for the 1985 Lancet article where van der Woude and colleagues proposed…

From The Archives: Does Acetazolamide Prevent Altitude Sickness?

March 31, 2011

Please enjoy this post from the Clinical Correlations archives first posted May 7, 2009

Seema Pursnani, MD

Because your parents have designated you as the family doctor, your Uncle Joe calls to ask you if he should take this medication called Diamox before going trekking in the Himalayas. You work at Bellevue in New York City: who climbs mountains here? What do you say?

Why do illnesses develop from changes in altitude?

The essential culprit…

Breaking News: Lung Cancer Screening Shows Mortality Benefit

November 5, 2010

By David Hormozdi, MD

The weather outside may be cooling off but the debate surrounding lung cancer screening is heating up once again as preliminary results released from The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed 20% fewer lung cancer deaths in individuals that underwent screening with low-dose helical CT scans compared to chest X-ray. This is the first study to show a mortality benefit from lung cancer screening and could impact millions of people considered high-risk for lung cancer. The study’s…

Therapeutic Hypothermia

November 12, 2009

Catherine Lucero, MD

Faculty peer reviewed

A recent article in the New York Times highlighted the remarkable recovery of a doctor who regained essentially all his mental function just six weeks after suffering a cardiac arrest with a post -resuscitation Glasgow coma score of 4.(1) Although the ambulance had originally rushed the doctor to the nearest hospital in Nassau County, he was quickly transferred to New York Presbyterian Hospital, where the receiving team induced hypothermia for the subsequent 24…

Meeting Perspectives: The 2009 American Thoracic Society (ATS) International Conference

July 8, 2009

Commentary by Kristy Bauer MD and Nishay Chitkara MD, NYU Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

The 2009 meeting of the American Thoracic Society took place in sunny San Diego, California from May 15-20. The ATS meeting is the largest gathering of pulmonologists, thoracic surgeons, nurses, respiratory therapists and other healthcare professionals, and features over 5300 original research studies and scientific presentations. San Diego has long been a frequent host to the ATS meeting, with its ideal location. The large…

Does Acetazolamide Prevent Altitude Sickness?

May 7, 2009

Seema Pursnani MD

Why do illnesses develop from changes in altitude?

The essential culprit is the fall in atmospheric pressure with an increase in altitude. While at sea level, barometric pressure (Pb) is ~760mm Hg (1atm), whereas at…

Bedside to Bench: Clubbing Revisited

April 3, 2009

Commentary by Judith Brenner MD, Associate Editor, Clinical Correlations

Faculty Peer Reviewed

For an internist, discovering a patient with clubbing is so rewarding since it appeals to the core of our profession, a profession which can often be very similar to that of a detective. The physical finding of clubbing was first described by the ancient Greeks, who recognized it to be a clue to much more.

When a clinician discovers clubbing of the fingers, he must consider that hypoxemia may…

Diseases 2.0: Sepsis

February 5, 2009

Diseases 2.0 – Bringing you the latest updates on disease pathophysiology and treatment

Commentary by Andrew McKinstry MD PGY-1

Faculty Peer Reviewed

For anyone who has stepped into an ICU, the septic patient is a familiar sight. Despite advances in research and management, including goal directed therapy and recombinant human activated protein C (Xigris), sepsis continues to be a major cause of mortality in the critical care setting, with an estimated 215,000 deaths annually, and costing roughly 16.7 billion dollars per year.…

Breaking News: FDA Advisory Committee Calls For Ban on Long Acting Beta Agonists in Asthma

December 12, 2008

Commentary by Denise Pate MD, PGY-1

The FDA released a 460 page document regarding the safety of long acting beta agonists (LABA) for the use of asthma, in addition to a two day advisory committee meeting this week on the call to ban LABA when used alone and not in combination with an inhaled steroid. The FDA found through a meta-analysis of 110 trials studying 4 drugs—2 LABAs, Foradil and Serevent, and 2 LABA/ICS (Inhaled Corticosteroids) Advair and Symbicort. The study found that there was…

Propofol Infusion Syndrome: An Unusual Case of Lactic Acidosis

October 1, 2008

Commentary by Bani Chander MD, PGY-3 and Reviewed by Laura Evans MD, NYU Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine

Case presentation:

The patient is a 26 year-old female with long-standing refractory epilepsy, status post corpus callosotomy, and vagus nerve stimulator placement, who was admitted to the intensive care unit for management of status epilepticus. The patient was initially admitted to the inpatient epilepsy unit and placed on multiple anti-epileptic medications with little response. However, after having more than ninety seizures over the…

Grand Rounds: “Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Acute Lung Injury”

September 17, 2008

Commentary by Matthias Kugler MD, PGY-3

Please also see the Grand Rounds Clinical Vignette

Leonhard D Hudson, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Division, University of Washington, Seattle, spoke at Medical Grand Rounds about the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Acute Lung Injury (ALI). He started his lecture with a history of the disease, starting with the first published description of ARDS in The Lancet 1967, where it was defined by the presence of diffuse alveolar damage, increasing pulmonary…

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Clinical Correlations

Pulmonary/Critical Care

What are the Barriers to Using Low Dose CT to Screen for Lung Cancer?

ANCA and Small-Vessel Vasculitis

From The Archives: Does Acetazolamide Prevent Altitude Sickness?

Breaking News: Lung Cancer Screening Shows Mortality Benefit

Therapeutic Hypothermia

Meeting Perspectives: The 2009 American Thoracic Society (ATS) International Conference

Does Acetazolamide Prevent Altitude Sickness?

Bedside to Bench: Clubbing Revisited

Diseases 2.0: Sepsis

Breaking News: FDA Advisory Committee Calls For Ban on Long Acting Beta Agonists in Asthma

Propofol Infusion Syndrome: An Unusual Case of Lactic Acidosis

Grand Rounds: “Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Acute Lung Injury”

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